If you face the issue with free space on our disk in Zimbra and decide to increase the size, I propose you to consider two scenarios:
First - You have less than 4 partitions in your virtual disk, like below and you need to extend the disk.
Disk /dev/sda:
Device Boot Start End Blocks
Id System
/dev/sda1 *
2048 2099199 1048576
83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 419430399 208665600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 419430400 629145599 104857600 8e Linux LVM
Second - You have 4 partitions in your virtual disk,
Disk /dev/sda:
Device Boot Start End Blocks
Id System
/dev/sda1 *
2048 2099199 1048576
83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 419430399
208665600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 419430400 629145599
104857600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4 629145600 671088639
20971520 8e Linux LVM
At first, please make sure you have a full backup of your system before proceeding.
So, in the first scenario is simple and you need to turn off your virtual machine, extend the disk and use this manual - How to Increase the size of a Linux LVM by expanding the virtual machine disk (rootusers.com)
In the second scenario you need to do more changes and I will describe it below detail. I will show how I added 100GB on my server:
Because you have 4 partitions, due to this you can't create more 4 partitions and you need to extend you current last forth partition.
- We will be using fdisk to resize the partition. Open the disk and make a note of the current partition layout. We will need this information later.
[root@mail ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than
the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal
I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted.
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c10a7
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 419430399 208665600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 419430400 629145599 104857600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4 629145600 838860799 104857600 8e Linux LVM
- In order to resize the partition, we need to delete and recreate it. When you recreate the partition, you must create it with the same exact starting unit and you must create it with an ending point the same or greater unit. Delete the partition and print the partition table to verify it’s gone.
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4, default 4): 4
Partition 4 is deleted
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c10a7
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 419430399 208665600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 419430400 629145599 104857600 8e Linux LVM
- Recreate the partition using the same starting unit. In our example, the starting unit is 629145600 . For the ending unit, we want the maximum amount of free disk space, which is automatically populated by default, so we left the prompt blank. Print the partition table again to verify.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
e extended
Select (default e): p
Selected partition 4
First sector (629145600-1048575999, default 629145600): 629145600
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (629145600-1048575999, default 1048575999):
Using default value 1048575999
Partition 4 of type Linux and of size 200 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c10a7
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 419430399 208665600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 419430400 629145599 104857600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4 629145600 1048575999 209715200 83 Linux
- Now you’ll notice the new partition type is “83 Linux” where it was “8e Linux LVM” before. Use the type of command to change the type of the new partition back to what it was to begin with. Again, print the partition table to verify. It never hurts to verify each step to ensure the commands you’re entering are being executed correctly.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4, default 4): 4
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c10a7
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 419430399 208665600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 419430400 629145599 104857600 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4 629145600 1048575999 209715200 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@mail ~]# reboot
- We’re not done, but getting close. Once the guest reboots, log back in. We resized the partition, but still need to resize the LVM physical volume. This is done with the pvresize command. The additional disk space should now be reflected in pvdisplay.
[root@mail ~]# pvdisplay--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name centos
PV Size <199.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 50943
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 50943
PV UUID RJ0Zwb-APTO-1pE2-u6i2-UMY5-eZGV-42Gbij
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda3
VG Name centos
PV Size 100.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25599
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 25599
PV UUID V1u35B-0APN-zMyR-ZQRL-1fj9-tZYT-1ekBDw
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda4
VG Name centos
PV Size <100.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25599
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 25599
PV UUID PhC17d-u9q2-mi7R-Cz3x-D6v6-FFBq-Ct2Bn1
[root@mail ~]# pvresize /dev/sda4
Physical volume "/dev/sda4" changed
1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized
- Check that PV Size was changed.
[root@mail ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name centos
PV Size <199.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 50943
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 50943
PV UUID RJ0Zwb-APTO-1pE2-u6i2-UMY5-eZGV-42Gbij
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda3
VG Name centos
PV Size 100.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25599
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 25599
PV UUID V1u35B-0APN-zMyR-ZQRL-1fj9-tZYT-1ekBDw
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda4
VG Name centos
PV Size <200.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 51199
Free PE 25600
Allocated PE 25599
PV UUID PhC17d-u9q2-mi7R-Cz3x-D6v6-FFBq-Ct2Bn1
- Assign all
free space to the lv of your choice, in our case, this is
[root@mail ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <381.24 GiB (97597 extents) to <481.24 GiB (123197 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
- Lastly, we resize the filesystem to make the additional space available. We’re using xfs, this will be done with xfs_growfs. If you are using ext4, so this is done with resize2fs - resize2fs /dev/mapper/centos-root
[root@mail ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=31, agsize=3276800 blks
= sectsz=4096 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=99939328, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=6400, version=2
= sectsz=4096 sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 99939328 to 126153728
- Finish, check our result
[root@mail ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.8G 8.8M 3.8G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 482G 345G 137G 72% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 316M 699M 32% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 10G 33M 10G 1% /home
tmpfs 772M 0 772M 0% /run/user/997
tmpfs 772M 0 772M 0% /run/user/0
P.S. I used the material from this link with my data - nacko.net, but now it's not available, I think it will be useful again for someone like me.
No comments:
Post a Comment